Geosynthetics is a general term for various products made from synthetic materials used in geotechnical engineering and civil engineering construction. Because they are primarily used in geotechnics, they are given the word “geo” and called “geosynthetics” to distinguish them from natural materials.
Geosynthetics used to be called “geotextile” and “geomembrane”. With engineering needs, new varieties of these materials continue to appear, such as geogrids, geonets and geoformed bags, geonet pads, geobelts, composite geomembranes, bentonite impermeable covers, composite drainage nets, etc., the original name It is impossible to accurately cover all products, so for some time thereafter they are called “geotextiles, geomembranes and related products (related products)”. Obviously, such a name should not be used as a technical or academic term. To this end, in 1994, at the Fifth International Academic Conference on Geosynthetics held in Singapore, the name of this type of material was officially determined as “geosynthetics” (geosynthetics).
The raw material of geosynthetics is the polymer. They are made from chemicals extracted from coal, petroleum, natural gas, or limestone, which are then processed into fibers or sheets of synthetic materials, and ultimately processed into various products. The polymers used to manufacture geosynthetics are mainly polyethylene (PE), polyester (PET), polyamide (PER), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), polystyrene ethylene (EPS) etc.
Another name for geotextiles is geotextiles. The first products were few, that is, a fabric-like material used in geotechnical works.
In the manufacturing process of geotextiles, the polymer raw materials are first transformed into filaments, staple fibers, threads or tapes, and then the geotextiles are transformed into planar structures. Geotextiles can be divided into woven (woven) geotextiles and non-woven (non-woven) geotextiles according to the manufacturing method. Woven geotextiles are interwoven by two sets of parallel, orthogonal or oblique warp and weft threads. Nonwoven geotextiles are made by directional or random arrangement of fibers and then processed. According to the different fiber connection methods, it can be divided into three kinds of connection methods: chemical connection (binder), thermal connection and mechanical connection.
The outstanding advantages of geotextiles are light weight, good overall continuity (can be made into a larger area), convenient construction, high tensile strength, good corrosion resistance and resistance to microbial erosion. The disadvantage is that without special treatment, the anti-ultraviolet ability is weak. If exposed outdoors, it is easy to age when exposed to direct ultraviolet rays, but if not directly exposed, anti-aging and durability performance are still high.
Geomembranes can generally be divided into two categories: asphalt and polymers (synthetic polymers). Asphalt-containing geomembranes are mostly composite types (including woven or non-woven geotextiles), and asphalt is used as the infiltration binder. Polymer geomembrane is divided into plastic geomembrane, elastic geomembrane and combined geomembrane according to different main materials.
A large number of engineering practices have shown that the geomembrane has good water impermeability, strong elasticity and adaptability to deformation, can be suitable for different construction conditions and working stresses, and has a good resistance to ageing. particularly remarkable. The geomembrane has exceptional anti-infiltration and waterproof properties.
Geogrid is a major geosynthetic material with unique properties and efficiency compared to other geosynthetics. Geogrids are often used as reinforcement for reinforced soil structures or as reinforcement for composite materials. Geogrids are divided into two types: fiberglass and polyester fiber.
(1) Plastics
This type of geogrid is a square or rectangular polymer mesh formed by stretching and can be divided into two types: uniaxial stretching and biaxial stretching according to the different directions of stretching during manufacturing. It punches holes on the extruded polymer sheet (mainly polypropylene or polyethylenehigh density), then performs a directional stretch under heating conditions. The uniaxially stretched grid is made by stretching only along the length of the sheet, while the biaxially stretched grid is made by continuing to stretch the uniaxially stretched grid in the direction perpendicular to its length.
During the manufacture of the geogrid, the polymer polymer will be rearranged and oriented with the process of heating and expanding, which strengthens the bonding strength between the molecular chains and achieves the purpose of improving its strength. Its elongation is only 10% to 15% of the original sheet. If anti-aging materials such as carbon black are added to the geogrid, it can give it better durability such as acid resistance, alkali resistance, corrosion resistance and aging resistance.
(2) Fiberglass
This kind of geogrid is made of high-strength fiberglass, sometimes with self-adhesive pressure-sensitive adhesive and surface asphalt impregnation treatment, so that the grid and the asphalt pavement are tightly integrated . Because the interlocking force of earth and stone in the geogrid grid increases, the coefficient of friction between them increases significantly (up to 0.8-1.0). Frictional bite force is stronger and greatly increased, so it is a good reinforcement material.
At the same time, geogrid is a lightweight and flexible flat mesh material, which is easy to cut and connect on site, and can also be layered. The construction is simple and does not require special construction machinery or professional technicians.
Geosynthetics, different products have different characteristics and can be used in many engineering fields.
Fields that have been applied include geotechnical engineering, civil engineering, hydraulic engineering, environmental engineering, traffic engineering, municipal engineering, and marine reclamation engineering.
Protection:
Soil erosion is a natural process caused by the action of water and wind. There are many influencing factors, such as soil types, vegetation and landforms. Under certain conditions, human activities also accelerate this process. If this erosion is not treated accordingly, it can cause enormous damage to existing buildings and the environment.
In terms of soil erosion control, geosynthetics application areas include slope protection, water channel protection, shoreline protection, mudflat rehabilitation, vegetation restoration, protection nets against rockfalls and the construction of anti-flood dams. Depending on project characteristics and site conditions, one or more geosynthetic products may be involved in erosion control projects.
In slope protection engineering, in addition to using certain geosynthetics, soil nails and even anchor bolts are required to ensure the stability of the protection system. In some cases, mortar-filled geotextile bags are also used to secure the cover, and grass seeds are inserted into the gaps in the protective structure to cultivate vegetation to prevent soil erosion.
We develop, manufacture and supply innovative and reliable geosynthetics to improve the performance of our customers’ products. The main business of the company is the production and export of geotextiles, geomembranes, geogrids, geounits, three-dimensional composite drainage nets, eco-bags, drainage panels and other one-stop services. Our customers come from more than 60 countries on five continents.
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State: Guangdong
Country: China
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